International Law and Data Audit: International Laws Affecting Healthcare Big Data

By Nathan B. Smith

Global health legislation is needed in a globalizing world when no government or border can contain the illness. COVID-19 has challenged the global health system's legal basis. Within weeks, SARS-CoV-2 has circumnavigated the globe, halting the world and revealing the international legal order's vulnerability. Reflecting on how global health law will emerge after the COVID-19 pandemic, it will be necessary to assess the COVID-19 reaction and the changes needed to reconstruct global health institutions while safeguarding human rights, rule of law, and global solidarity in the face of unprecedented challenges (Goslin, Habibi, & Meier, 2020).

Discussion

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more useful and technologically proficient, a range of ethical issues about the adoption of AI in healthcare has surfaced. These concerns center on patient privacy and confidentiality. On a global scale over the past few years, there have been major efforts made toward finding a balance between ethical issues and health transformations brought by AI. These efforts have been observed by academia and commercial enterprise alike. Even if there is an increasing interest in AI ethics, it is still difficult to integrate AI-related technology and activities in a responsible manner inside healthcare settings.

In response to this timely problem, Siala and Wang (2022) analyzed 253 papers relating to AI ethics in healthcare that were published between the years 2000 and 2020. The researchers then summarized the consistent themes of AI projects that were responsible. Both a hermeneutic (the area of study that focuses on interpretation, particularly of influential written materials) and preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) method were used to filter and select articles for the systematic literature review. PRISMA stands for the recommended reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis. Siala and Wang (2022) present a framework for a responsible artificial intelligence endeavor by integrating important information from AI governance and ethics. This framework is intended for AI solution developers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers, and it contains five major topics. The acronym SHIFT, which stands for sustainability, human-centeredness, inclusiveness, fairness, and transparency, is a useful way to describe these overarching ideas. In addition, we provide an in-depth analysis of the most important problems and obstacles associated with the ethical use of AI in healthcare and map out potential directions for future study.

Conclusion

International law must be the cornerstone of global health's future, as the WHO (World Health Organization) Director-General strongly recommends enhancing the international health regulations (IHR) to reflect an unbiased evaluation of the COVID-19 emergency response. When the current world health crisis draws to a close, the WHO must lead its member nations to conduct a comprehensive review of international laws and statutes that affect healthcare big data. Further, the WHO must re-evaluate its international organizational structure, to better facilitate the intent of global health laws to meet future pandemics (Goslin, Habibi, & Meier, 2020). The concepts of PRISMA and SHIFT represent promising strategies to improve the IHR apparatus.


References

Goslin, L., Habibi, R., & Meier, B. M. (2020). Has global health law risen to meet the COVID-19 challenge? Revisiting the international health regulations to prepare for future threats. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, pp. 376-381.

Siala, H., & Wang, Y. (2022). SHIFTing artificial intelligence to be responsible in healthcare: A systematic review. Social Science & Medicine, 296, pp. 1-15. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114782



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